Where does a child's intelligence come from? Which genes? Is this hereditary trait more dependent on the mother or the father?
The question of how intelligence is transmitted has long been a subject of research by scientists studying genetic and environmental influences on the development of children's cognitive abilities. In recent decades, research has shown that genes associated with intelligence are are not evenly distributed between the parents.
Key findings show that genetic mother's influence often plays a more important role in the transmission of intelligence, while the environment has a major influence on how these genes are expressed.
Mother's genes as the key to intelligence
Scientific studies have revealed that genes linked to intelligence are often linked to the X chromosomeBecause mothers carry two X chromosomes, children are more likely to inherit intelligence genes from their mothers. Those that come from the mother's side have a major impact on brain development and cognitive function.
A study conducted on adolescents showed that Mother's IQ often the best indicator of a child's intellectual capacity. While genes determine basic potential, environment plays a significant role in how that potential develops.
The difference in IQ between mother and child was about 15 points on average, suggesting that genetics lay the foundation, but the final outcome also depends on life conditions and experiences.
Father's influence: physical development and support
Although the father's genes do not have such a strong influence on intellectual development, research shows that they contribute significantly to the child's physical development. Studies in the field of genetics have shown that the father's genes often direct the growth and structure of the body, while the mother's genes have a greater influence on brain development.
Father's genes that are associated with advanced cognitive abilities, are sometimes less active or “silenced,” meaning their role is not as pronounced.
These findings suggest an interesting division of genetic functions between the parents. While the mother's genes directly influence the child's intellectual potential, the father's genetic makeup provides the basis for physical support and growth, which are also important for the child's overall well-being.
The role of the environment in the development of intelligence
Although genes lay the foundation, environment plays a key role in shaping a child's intelligence. Access to education, Stimulating social relationships and quality learning resources are essential for developing cognitive abilities. Children who grow up in an environment where encouraging intellectual development is a part of everyday life have more opportunities to achieve their potential.
Genetics may determine the starting point, but experiencethat a child acquires throughout life, those that shape his future.
