Sun Protection Factor (SPF): What does the number on a sunscreen mean?

Have you ever wondered what the number on your sunscreen means and how it affects your skin? Have you ever looked around confused when choosing an SPF cream and wondered if a higher factor is really better? We reveal the secrets of SPF!

So what does it mean The SPF number on the sunscreen? When we go out into the sun, we are exposed to two types of harmful rays: UVA and UVB. Protection factor (SPF) on the cream sunbathing is a numerical label that shows how much protection the product offers against the UVB rays responsible for sunburn. A higher SPF number means more protection against these rays.

However, how does SPF actually work?

To better understand, let's imagine an example: If your unprotected skin turns red after only 10 minutes of exposure to the sun, a cream with SPF 15 could extend this time to 150 minutes (10 minutes x 15). So, a cream with a higher SPF allows you to enjoy the sun longer without getting sunburned.

However, an important question arises here - can you spend the whole day in the sun carefree with a higher SPF?

Unfortunately, no. SPF doesn't work like a magic protective suit. There are several factors that affect the effectiveness of sunscreen, such as the intensity of the sun's radiation, the time of exposure, the correct application of the product, and reapplying after a certain time. It is also important to consider weather conditions, as clouds or water may reflect the sun's rays, but unwanted effects of UV radiation can still occur.

In addition, it is important to understand that SPF refers only to UVB protection, while UVA rays penetrate deeper into the skin and can contribute to premature skin aging and the development of certain types of skin cancer. Therefore, it is important to choose a sunscreen that also offers protection against UVA rays, which is labeled "broad spectrum" or "UVA/UVB protection."

SPF numbers are divided into different categories that indicate degree of protection against sunlight. Let's see what these categories mean:

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1. Low protection: SPF below 15

Creams with a low protection factor (below 15) offer basic protection against the sun's rays. If you have dark skin or are only exposed to the sun for a short time, this protection may be sufficient. But be careful, because even with a low SPF, you can still be at risk of sunburn and skin damage.

2. Medium protection: SPF 15 to 30

Creams with SPF between 15 and 30 offer moderate sun protection. These creams are suitable for most people with lighter to medium-dark skin who are regularly exposed to the sun. Medium protection reduces the risk of sunburn, but it is still recommended to use additional protective measures such as wearing a hat and sunglasses and avoiding the hottest hours.

3. High protection: SPF 30 to 50

Creams with a high protection factor (from 30 to 50) offer better protection from the sun. These creams are recommended for people with lighter skin, sensitive skin or those who are exposed to the sun for a long time. High protection reduces the risk of sunburn and long-term skin damage, including premature aging and increased risk of skin cancer.

4. Very high protection: SPF above 50

Creams with a very high protection factor (over 50) offer the highest level of sun protection. These creams are suitable for people with extremely fair skin, skin diseases or very sensitive skin. Very high protection reduces the risk of sunburn and provides the best defense against harmful UV rays.

Whether you opt for SPF 15, 30 or even 50+, it's important to apply cream regularly, avoid the most intense sun and wear protective clothing and sunglasses. With the correct use of sunscreen, you will be able to enjoy sunbathing while protecting your skin from the harmful effects of solar radiation.